Pile-wire cutter for looms



July 7, 1925. 1,544,717

' M. B. BEHRMAN PILB WIRE CUTTER FOR LOOMS Filed Jan. 25, 192.3

r" I M Uh W Patented July 7, 1925.

UNITED STATES 1,544,717 PATENT OFFICE'.

MARCUS B. BEHRMAN, OF NEW YORK, N.Y., ASSIG-NOR TO THE LOX SEAL CORPORA- TION, or BROOKLYN, NEW

YORK, A CORPORATION OF NEW YORK.

FILE-WIRE CUTTER FOR LOOMS..

Application filed January 25, 1923. Serial No. 614,781.

To all whom it may concern Be it known that I, MARoUsB. BEHRMAN, a citizen of the United States, and a resident of New York city, in' the county of New York and State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Pile-Tire Cutters for Looms, of which the following is a specification.

The invention relates to the class oflooms adapted for weaving pile fabrics, and consists in a novel construction of the wires employed in such looms for cutting the pile, it being commonly known that the wires are made use of in a group and are successively inserted into and withdrawn from the shed of the fabric. Each wireor needle carries at one of its ends a knife blade or cutter, which when drawn through the-pile loops or floats formed from the warp thread sever or cut the same to form the pile.

The wires of my invention are applicable to existing looms, and hence my invention while relating to looms consists primarily in the wires themselves operating in the customary manner and by the usual means but possessing novelty in respect to that portion thereof directly carrying the knife for cutting the pile.

In accordance with my invention the needle is formed in its forward end with a specially constructed socket to receive and securely hold a'small fiat steel blade of triangular edge outline and of about the thinness of blades used in safety-razors.

One of the objects of my invention is to provide the forward end of the needle'with special means for receiving and securely holding the small fiat triangular blade, and more particularly to provide eflicient bladeholding means which will permit the convenient insertion of the blade into its socket and the convenient removal of the blade therefrom.

The invention and satisfactory means for carrying the same into effect will be fully understood from the detailed description hereinafter presented, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, in which:

Fig. 1 is a side elevation, partly broken away and on an enlarged scale, of a pile wire constructed in accordance with and embodying my invention;

Fig. 2 is a top edge View of the same; I

Fig. 3 IS a corresponding View of the same illustrating the method of applying and removing the blades or cutter, the blade being shown as partially applied to or removed from its socket in the pile wire against the action of a side leaf spring normally closihng the outer side of the socket as shown in Fig. at is a side elevation of the parts in the situation thereof shown in Fig. 3;

Fig. 5 is a vertical transverse section through the pile wire and blade taken on the dotted line 5-5 of Fig. 1, and

Fig. 6 is a side elevation, on an enlarged scale, of the blade or cutter which. 1 apply to the pile wire.

In the drawings 10Hdesignates .a loom pile wire cutter which except for the presence of my invention applied thereto, is of usual form and construction. The pile wire 10 is a reasonably thin strip or bar'of steel and somewhat longer than the width of the fabric to be woven, and the method of employing the wires in a loom for weaving pile fabrics is too well known in this art to require description herein. I have shown my invention as applied to one customary form of wire 10 but I do not confine the invention to the particular wire shown since I am aware that the details of the wires vary in particulars which do not interfere with the application of my invention thereto. I have only shown one wire 10 but it is well known that the wires are used in groups and that all the needles of a group are alike.

In the forward portion of the wire 10 I form a socket 11 extending lengthwise of the wire and open at its upper contracted end, said socket being recessed 'or cut through one side face of the wire and having downwardly diverging end walls 12, 13 which are undercut or beveled inwardly on diverging lines, the'wall 12 being beveled inwardly and forwardly and .the wall 13 inwardly and rearwardly. The socket 11 is closed at its inner side by the solid material of the wire, at its base by the downwardly diverging walls 12, 13, at its lower end by a longitudinal shoulder 14 and at its outer side by a longitudinal leaf spring 15, which sets into a recess formed inthe face of the needle and is secured at one end only by means of rivets 16, said spring and rivets lying flush with the adjoining faces of the wire so as not to leave projecting edges In outline the socket or pocket 11 is substantially in the form of a truncated triangle and as shown has a comparatively long horizontal longitudinal base or shoulder 14 and a restricted open upper end.

The socket or pocket 11 is provided to securely receive the blade or cutter 17 which is flat and thin and of triangular edge out;- line, said blade preferably being in the outline of an obtuse-angled triangle. The lower longer edge 18 of the blade 17 is adapted to firmly seat on the base or shoulder 14 of the socket 11 and the shorter forward edge 19 of the blade is adapted to firmly abut against the end wall 12 of said socket.

' while the rear edge 20 01 the blade is longer than the edge 19 and slants downwardly and rearwardly on an angle adapted for cutting the pile-loops and is sharpened,- said edge 20 being the cutting edge of the blade and at its lower portion being with reasonable snugness held within the edge recess formed by the undercut of the wall 13 of the socket 11. The apex portion of the blade 17 projects upwardly through the open top of the socket 11 to a sufficient extent to perform its function of severing the pile loops or floats on the drawing of the wire through the same, and at such time the forward inclined edge 19 of the blade firmly and evenly abuts against the wall 12 of the socket 11 and is securely held. within the recess formed by' the undercut of said wall 12.

In Figs. 1 and 2 the blade'17 is shown that tlreblade is so held that it cannot escape from said socket when the wire is in use. It is important that it be convenient to remove the blade 17 from the socket 11 when the blade has become dull or worn at its cutting edge and substitute a new blade therefor, and to accomplish this result is one of the purposes of my invention. Figs. 2' and 3 may be regarded as illustrating the method of removing the blade 17 from the socket 11, this removal being accomplished by taking hold of the apex portion of the blade between the thumb and forefinger and turning the blade laterally to move its forward edge portion, as 19, from the underout Wall 12 and against the free end of the leaf spring 15 with suflicie'nt force to flex said spring outwardly and thereupon the blade is slid outwardly along said spring until the blade is entirely free from the needle. On the removal of the blade from the wire the spring 15 of its own resiliency returns to its position against the side of the wire. l/Vhen a blade is to be inserted into the socket or pocket 11, the apex portion of the blade will be taken hold of between the thumb and finger and the rear lower pointed end of the blade, at the junction of the sides18, 20', will be inserted downwardly into the socket 11 and thereupon the blade will be turned laterally against the spring 15 to flex said spring outwardly, as represented in Figs. 2 and 3, whereupon the blade may he slid inwardly along said" spring until completely within the socket 11, whose outer side will be closed by the spring. There is a slight freedom for longitudinal movement of the blade within the socket 11 and this with the capability of the thin blade to be flexed laterally renders it very easy to enter the edges 19,- 20 of the blade between the undercut end walls 12, 13 of the" socket 11, although the side entrance between said walls to the socket 11 may be less in length than the length of that portion of the blade designed to pass through the same. I have found that in accordance with my invention the thin blades 17 may with great convenience be quickly applied to and removed from the socket 11 and when in position are efficiently held for practical use. The blades 17 cannot be drawn upwardly from the socl et 11 due to their downwardly diverging edges 19, 20 and the contracted upper end of the socket, and said blades cannot by accident escape laterally from the socket 11, as is obvious, and when the wire and cutter are: in use the strains against the blade' are longitudinal and hold it firmly against the undercut wall 12.

Upon viewing the figures of the drawing,

it will be observed that the top edge of the spring 15' is on a level with the constricted top opening of the socket 11 so that not only does this spring 15 extend completely across and close the socket 11, but the top edge of the spring 15 is on a level with the constricted upper opening of the socket 11 and as shown in the drawings is also on a level with the rest of the pile wire so that in this way, the springtends to form a continuation of the pile wire and to form the complete closure about the socket 11, and presents no extraneous elements or projections. In other words, the spring 15 in effect completes the outer wall of the pile wire on one side of the socket 11 so as to provide a complete outer Wall on that side of the pile wire.

It will further be observed upon viewing the figures of the drawing, that the spring is attached to the pile wire in such a manner as to present its free end in the direction of the outer or free end of the pile wire so that the spring is presentedgenerally toward the free end of the pile wire so asto minimize any tendency of the threads to catch thereon.

I have shown and described the details of the most efiicient embodiment of my invention at this time known to me but do not confine my invention to all the precise details described, since these details may be 'a contracted open upper modified without departure from the spirit of my invention and Within the scope 0 the appended claims.

W hat I claim as myinvention and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is:

1. .For use in looms for weaving pile fabrics, a pile wire having a laterally opening socket in its side and said socket having a contracted open upper end, a blade adapted to said socket and insertible therein and removable therefrom through the side there of and projecting through said open end for cutting the pile-loops, and a leaf spring secured at one end to said pile wire and extending completely across the open side of said socket to normally close the same.

2. For use in looms for weaving pile fabrics, a pile wire having a laterally opening socket in its side and said socket having end and downwardly diverging end walls, a blade adapted to said socket and insertible therein and re-- movable therefrom through the side thereof, said blade having downwardly diverging end edges one of which is sharpened and having its apex portion projecting through said open end for cutting the. pile loops, and resilient means permanently carried by the pile wire normally extending across and completely closing the open side of said socket.

3. For use in looms for Weaving pile fabrics, a pile wire having a laterally opening socket in its side andsaid socket having a contracted open upper end and downwardly diverging end walls and defining in outline a truncated obtuse-angled triangle, and a thin steel blade adapted to said socket and insertible therein and removable therefrom through the side thereof, said blade defining in outline an obtuse-angled triangle and having its base seated on the base of said socket, its short edge against the forward end wall of said socket, its other edge sharpened and adjacent to the rear end wall of said socket and its apex projecting through the open upper end of the laterally opening socket for cutting vthe pile loops, said pile wire having resilient means permanently carried thereby normally closing the open side of said laterally opening socket.

4. For use in looms for weaving pile fabrics, a wire having 111 the side of its forward portion a lateral socket having a contracted open upper end, a blade adapted to said socket and insertible therein and removable therefrom through the side thereof and projecting through'said open end for cutting the pile-loops, and shiftable tracted open upper end, a blade adapted to said socket and insertible therein and removable therefrom through the side thereof and projecting through said open end for cutting the pile loops, and shiftable means normally closing the outer side of said socket, said means having its upper edge coterminous with the contracted open upper end of the "socket and with the upper edge of the pile wire. I

6. For use in' looms for weaving pile fabrics, a pile wire havingin the side of its forward portion a lateral socket having a contracted open upper end, a blade adapted to said socket and insertible therein and removable therefromthrough the side thereof and projecting through said open end for cutting the pile-loops and a spring member attached at one of its ends to the pile wire and having its other end directed toward the free end of the pile wire and extending completely across the socket so as to normally close the outer side of said socket.

Signed at New York city, in the county of New York and State of New York, this 24th day of January, A. D. 1923.

MARCUS B. BEHRMAN. 

